SUMMARY

• This study assessed changes in PFAS leachability and bioavailability in PFAS contaminated soil following the application of two RemBind® formulations, RemBind® 100 and RemBind® 300, at application rates of 1% to 10% w/w.
• The contaminated soils tested contained a sum of 28 PFAS species at concentrations ranging from 3.093 to 32.78 mg/kg, representing a range of real-world contamination levels.
• RemBind® application rates of 5% w/w resulted in greater than 98% reduction in PFAS leachability, including PFAS precursor compounds.
• When soil was treated with 5% w/w RemBind® 100, individual PFAS relative bioavailability was reduced from >60% in untreated soils to between 16% and 26%. RemBind® 300 at the same application rate produced similar results, reducing bioavailability to between 14% and 24%.
• RemBind® immobilisation reduced in vivo PFOS relative bioavailability by more than 70%, as assessed using a mouse model.
• The study confirms that RemBind® soil treatments have the potential to significantly reduce both PFAS leachability and bioavailability, thereby decreasing contaminant mobility and the potential for human and ecological exposure.