SUMMARY

• 8 different AFFF-contaminated soils were treated with RemBind to assess the impact of immobilisation on the bioavailability of PFAS to earthworms.
• 5% RemBind treatments resulted in >99% reductions in PFAS leachability (28 analytes) for all soils tested, as determined by the Australian Standard Leaching Procedure (ASLP).
• PFAS accumulation in earthworms was 23- to 246-fold lower in RemBind-treated soils compared to untreated soils.
• These results highlight the potential of soil amendments such as RemBind for reducing PFAS mobility and bioavailability, offering an immobilization-based risk management approach for AFFF-impacted soil.